There is perhaps no topic in the whole realm of the subject of race that I find more exasperating than that of the n-word. For every time the hateful and hurtful use of it by a nonblack person becomes news (most recently: Paula Dean, Tim Allen's defense of Paula Dean, Rush Limbaugh's response to Rachel Jeantel, Riley Cooper, etc., etc.), inevitably the defense is gonna be "but I hear black people using it all the time--so what's the difference?"
At the risk of oversimplifying or using unequal offenses for comparison (there really IS no equivalent comparison, IMHO, in our language and culture, to the ugly damage and reaction that the n-word can inflict and prompt), let me take a stab at defusing the "so what's the difference?" argument:
If someone has a
mental disability, it is (we all know this) hateful and hurtful to refer to that person as a
"retard." If that person decides to refer to him- or herself as such, so be it. If that person, when getting together with other people with mental disabilities, decide to call themselves and one another "retards," so be it. It is not license for you and me, who do not suffer mental disabilities, to call them "retards."
If someone is from the rural hills of West Virginia, or Southwest Virginia, or Eastern Kentucky, or Eastern Tennessee, or Northern Georgia, or the Ozarks of Missouri or Arkansas, and decides to self-identify as a
"hillbilly," so be it. If, when they are among their own, they refer to themselves and one another from time to time as "hillbillies," they have not offended you or me. That does NOT make it OK for US to begin referring to residents and former residents of those parts by that term.
If some
lesbians, gays, bisexuals, and/or transgendered people begin to refer to themselves as
"queer," it's no skin off my back. If they set up a "queer studies" university program, host a "queer studies" conference, engage in writing and discussing "queer theory," well, all right then. Am I then right in beginning to lable all LGBT people as "queer?" Of course not.
A hair-challenged person may refer to themselves as "baldy," a larger person may call themselves "fat," a short person may refer to themselves as a "shrimp". A mutlti-ethnic or multi-racial person may say they are a "mutt." None of this changes what terms someone NOT of these categories should use in referring to people of these categories. A friend may even give us individual permission to refer to THEM by these labels, but they do not have the authority to serve as spokespersons for their group, to authorize and justify our use of said label for all member of the group, in any setting.
And, finally, though I don't intend to go into a long discussion of history and power dynamics here, let me briefly say that a member of a historically kidnapped, enslaved, oppressed and excluded group referring to a member of the historically (and currently) empowered group as a "cracker" doesn't even BEGIN to compare in hatred, damage, inflamatory capacity, etc. to a white person's use of the n-word. Not even in the same galaxy. Nope.